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How Does ADHD Medication Work? When a neuron transmits signals to another, it uses chemicals known as neurotransmitters. These chemicals must pass through a tiny gap known as a synapse. Some ADHD medications increase the efficiency of these messages. They either aid neurons in releasing more neurotransmitters, or slow down the process of reuptake (called Reuptake inhibitors). Doctors put patients suffering from ADHD with a low dose of medication and then observe their responses. They adjust the dosage gradually to find the “sweet spot,” the lowest dose that shows a noticeable improvement in symptoms, and has a few adverse side effects. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate, the first medication that doctors try to help ADHD children, is usually Methylphenidate. It increases the amount of norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the brains of children, which aids them in paying attention and stay focused. It also decreases the impulsivity and hyperactivity of children. It is important to remember that methylphenidate must only be taken with the supervision of a physician since it is a controlled drug. The most well-known methylphenidate drug is Ritalin. It's available in immediate-release tablets (Ritalin, Concerta, or Quillichew ER), long-acting chewable tablets (Cotempla XR-ODT or Adhansia XR) or long-acting capsules (Adhansia PM or Jornay PM). Some versions of this medication contain artificial sweeteners such as aspartame, which may be dangerous for people with Phenylketonuria (an inheritable condition that causes severe intellectual disabilities). Be sure to inform your doctor about any food allergies you or your child has. Researchers have found that methylphenidate can reduce abnormal activity in certain areas of the brain, including the nucleus accumbens as well as a network of three brain networks that play a role in the process of adaptive control. This could explain why methylphenidate has been proven to be among the most effective drugs for treating ADHD. Side effects of stimulants include headaches, nausea, sleepiness, anxiety, agitation or agitation and tics. These aren't common however they can be serious. It is important to consult your doctor immediately if you notice any of these symptoms. Inform your doctor of any allergies, heart disease depression, bipolar disorders or other mental health issues such as glaucoma, seizures or glaucoma. Also, inform them whether your child or you have a history. It is essential to take methylphenidate exactly as recommended by your doctor. Amphetamines Amphetamines can speed up the transmission of messages between brain cells and can help you concentrate your thoughts and avoid distractions. They are the most frequently prescribed medications for treating ADHD in both children and adults. They increase the level of neurotransmitters norepinephrine as well as dopamine in your brain. Amphetamines are available both in short-acting (immediate-release) and intermediate or long-acting varieties. They can be consumed orally or by injection. Some people are troubled by the adverse effects of stimulant medication, like restlessness or trouble sleeping, or increased heart rate or high blood pressure. Your doctor will be able to monitor your symptoms and adjust your dosage to determine the most effective one for you. Some people may have to take a combination of medicines to achieve the desired effects. Stimulant drugs affect two important neurotransmitters located in the prefrontal cortex. This is the region of the brain that regulates emotions and controls your behavior. These medications are used to treat a range of mental health problems, including ADD/ADHD, depression, anxiety and bipolar disorder. Amphetamines and methylphenidates are the most common stimulant drugs. The FDA has approved a variety of brand-name stimulants for treating ADHD. They are available in a variety of forms – from short-acting stimulants to long-acting stimulants. They can be taken orally, or injectable. Truck drivers, students and teenagers who need more energy to compete in endurance sports may abuse amphetamines. They can also trigger physical and mental problems when used in excess, particularly with higher doses. ADHD is treatable with non-stimulant medication. They include atomoxetine, clonidine, and Guanfacine. They are in the same class as antidepressants and belong to the norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors and alpha-2 adrenergic agonists classes. They are built on the same chemical that stimulants do, but they are less likely to trigger the symptoms of tics in those with Tourette syndrome. Short-acting stimulants These drugs are used to treat children and teens with ADHD. They can be taken through the mouth or applied on the skin. They are available in patches and liquids, as well as pills that can either be chewed or swallowed. They are typically only available through prescription. These medications include methylphenidate (brand names Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin, Daytrana), and amphetamines (Adderall, Dexedrine, Vyvanse). Short-acting stimulants are fast-acting and last from 3 to 6 hours. These drugs relieve symptoms in 70-80 percent of children and adults with ADHD. They can reduce the need to fidget, interrupting and make it easier to complete your tasks. They can also improve academic performance and relationships. But they don't solve the root issues that cause ADHD. It's important to combine the two therapies with behavior therapy. It's also important to recognize that ADHD medicines have side effects. You might feel sleepy or cranky, or even sleepy. These effects are usually mild and disappear when the medicine leaves your system. Your doctor may advise you to start with a small dosage and gradually increase it. They'll monitor how the medication affects your child or you, and look for any problems. Finding medication for adhd adults for you or your children might take some time. It is recommended to speak openly with your health care team. They may suggest changes in the frequency you or your child takes the medication, or even if it's needed at all. They will also want to know if you or your child suffer from any other mental or medical ailments. Intermediate stimulants Stimulants control ADHD symptoms by altering neurotransmitter activity in the brain. This helps increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemicals that are essential for the functioning of the pre-frontal cortex of the brain (think of it as your “secretary” in the executive function part of your brain). Stimulant medication is effective for the majority of ADHD children. Your doctor can help you determine the best dosage and medication for your child. You may have to try various kinds of medication before you find the one that is right for you or your children. It is possible to take stimulants with immediate release in liquid form and chewable tablets. These medications work quickly and last three to four hours. Some people experience a problem when the medicine wears off, a phenomenon known as the “crash effect.” This usually involves an immediate drop in energy, and may result in intense hunger. Long-acting stimulants (like dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine) are also available. These are more complex and require prescriptions. They are injected into bloodstreams and then change from inactive to active in red blood cells. It can take time to find the correct dosage, medication and schedule for your child or yourself. Your doctor will monitor your response to the medication, and look for any issues such as sleep issues. They will also talk to you about non-stimulant medications in the event that you or your child are not responding well to the stimulants. Never stop or change your ADHD medications without first consulting with your doctor. It's also important to tell your doctor about any over-the counter supplements or medications you're taking, as certain medications can interact with other ADHD medication. Long-acting stimulants Stimulant medications work for 70-80 percent of adults and children with ADHD and help cut down on hyperactivity, interruptions, fidgeting, and impulsivity. They can also enhance focus and assist people to complete tasks and maintain relationships. However, they aren't able to alleviate moodiness or other irritable symptoms. They can also cause negative side effects, such as loss of appetite, insomnia and nervousness. They can also cause stomachaches, changes in the heart rhythm and high blood pressure. The medicines work in stages aiding in the treatment of ADHD symptoms throughout the daytime. The majority begin to work within 30 to 45 minutes. They fade in 3 to 6 hours. They can be used in conjunction with other forms of ADHD treatment like behavioral therapy. Some of these long-acting stimulants, like atomoxetine-ER (Intuniv) and guanfacine (Strattera), can be used all night long and last until the next morning. Some doctors recommend taking them in the afternoon to avoid patients from having to take additional medication at school or afterschool. Long-acting stimulants don't increase dopamine levels as much as short- and intermediate-acting drugs, yet they boost them significantly. This means that they don't trigger the same kind of rebound effects that occur with shorter-acting drugs. Long-acting stimulants due to the potential for adverse reactions are typically prescribed as a second treatment for adults suffering from ADHD and older teens. However, they can also be utilized as a first-line treatment for those with ADHD who haven't been able to respond to other medications. While medication can aid in improving concentration and self-control, it's not the whole answer for those who suffer from ADHD. With the help of healthy sleep habits, healthy diets, and other self-help techniques it's possible to decrease or even eliminate the requirement for ADHD medication.